1. Greenhouse Effect
  • is a greenhouse gas.
    • Forms layer over earths surface.
    • Heat is trapped within this layer around earth
    • This is the greenhouse effect → that causes global warming
    • Enhanced greenhouse effect → may result in climate change.
    • Ice sheets in Greenland, Antarctica → may melt.
    • Sea levels may rise → causing flooding in some countries

Important

  • must say enhanced greenhouse effect when talking about global warming or climate change

Rise in seawater temperature → may result in loss of biodiversity

  • E.g. → causes Coral bleaching + death of corals in coral reefs
  • Coral reefs → provide habitat → for large variety of marine organisms
  • Corals rely on colourful algae → which live in their tissue + produce food for corals.
  • When corals are stressed by changes in light, water, temperature → they expel the algae that live in them → and turn white
    • Process is known as bleaching
  • Corals that have been bleached → lose ability to support as many species, leading to loss in biodiversity
  1. Diseases
  • Rise in atmospheric temperatures + extreme weather → such as floods → could mean more breeding grounds → for mosquitoes.
  • More outbreaks of mosquito born diseases → such as dengue → could occur
  1. Effect on aquatic ecosystems
  • High atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations → affects aquatic ecosystems
  • more atmospheric carbon dioxide → dissolves in sea water → which becomes more acidic.
  • Acid dissolves calcium compounds → in shells of shellfish.
    • This weakens their shells → making them more vulnerable to predators

Sample

Question asks for: how increase in concentrations contribute to global warming.

  • ENHANCED greenhouse effect
  • due to higher concentration of over earth’s surface → trapping more heat.
  • leading to increase global temperature