ImageEvent
June - September 1950

- when war began in June 1950 → North Korean forces → advanced rapidly.
- they captured Seoul → capital of South Korea → were soon in command of most of South Korea.
- South Korean held on to a small area → around port of Busan → which allowed UN forces to reinforce them + hold back North Korean advance.
September-Mid October 1950

- Sept → UN forces landed at Incheon → near Seoul.
- same time → UN forces in Busan → drove North Koreans back.
- MacArthur → quickly achieved original UN objective → of removing North korean troops → from south korea.
- they did not stop there → as McArthur → had wanted to take advantage of the retreating army to eradicate communism


UN → approved plan → to advance into North Korea.
- However → Truman → wary of involvement of Soviets and Chinese forces + cautioned MacArthur to limit operations north of the 38th parallel.

despite China’s warning → that it would intervene to defend its border + launch full scale war → if Americans crossed 38th parallel + advanced towards the Yalu River → which was the border between China and North Korea
→ MacArthur continued to advance into North Korea.

However Mao did not want a unified Korea on his border → which was non communist + had an ally to US.
→ he also felt his personal prestige and China’s prestige were at stake
Mid October 1950-April 1951

- Mid Oct 1950 → Chinese forces began crossing into North Korea → secretly.
- MacArthur → defied direct orders from Truman and UN + continued advancing towards Yalu (Amnok) River → potentially expanding scale of war.
- he was also ready to use atomic bomb against China and North Korea

- Late in Oct 1950 → 200000 Chinese troops (part of people’s volunteer army) → joined North Koreans.
- they were highly motivated + equipped with → Soviet Tanks + aircraft.
- from Dec 1950 - Jan 1951 → UN forces → pushed back → into South Korea.
- april 1951 → MacArthur dismissed by Truman + replaced with General Matthew Ridgway

As war was ongoing → Americans also employed → psychological warfare → to convince the North Koreans → to stop fighting for the communists
July 1951
- UN troops then recovered + resumed their attacks towards north. Armistice talks began at Panmunjom

June 1951-July 1953
- Fighting reached stalemate + armistice talks stalled due to disagreements over terms

April-July 1953
- armistice talks resumed at Panmunjom and armistice was signed later