• Gorbachev eager to bring his new thinking to foreign policy + role of military in USSR

  • began to cut spending on defence.

  • after almost 50 years of massive investment + preparations for war with US and allies Red army began to shrink

  • Gorbachev realistic enough to recognise USSR could not hope to outspend US on nuclear weapons.

  • announced cut in arms spending.

  • 2Y later US and USSR signed treaty remove most of their missiles from Europe

  • same time Gorbachev brought a new attitude to USSR’s relation with world

  • withdrew soviet troops from Afghanization.

  • speech after speech talked abt intl trust + cooperation rather than confrontation as way forward for USSR