1929 → Wall street crash → happened in US → leading to GD.

  • GD → damaged Japans economy → due to its heavy reliance → on foreign trade.
  • had major political implications

Terrible unemployment + other effects of depression → increased pressure on civilian politicians in Japan.

  • economic crisis → convinced ultranationalist politicians + military commanders → that democracy was failing → as it could not solve problems for people
ResourceImport Dependency
Iron Ore89%
Oil82%
Iron / Steel72%
Machinery46%

Introduction of range of tariffs by US in 1930s → to protect its economy → also hurt Japans export trade badly.

  • tariffs → made Japanese goods more expensive → in US

These tariffs → extended through 1930s → and hurt Japans export trade badly.

  • US actions to impose tariffs on Japanese goods → convinced ultranationalists → that other countries could not be relied upon + Japan needed to be self-sufficient.