Germans had not been consulted about the terms discussed in the Paris Peace Conference When terms were announced German chancellor chose to resign rather than sign it

His successor asked for small revisions on 23 June Allies response was that Germany should either sign or face an invasion within 24 hours.

German chancellor agreed German delegation traveled to Paris to sign the treaty on 28th June

Germans angry that their govt had not been represented at PPC + forced to sign the treaty resented harsh terms of the treaty and became known as the dikat


  1. German Humiliation Germany had to accept full blame for starting the war but they did not feel like they should be blamed entirely. This was humiliating for Germany
  • Called treaty a diktat In the eyes of Germans allied powers should also bear responsibility as they had contributed to the chain of events leading to WW1 Since they had to accept total blame for the war they also had to accept all other terms laid out by victors in TOV
  1. German Territorial Reduction
  • Losing so much territory was a major blow to German Pride and economy
  • Treaty also prevented Germany from merging with other territories especially Austria-Hungary so as to weaken Germany’s position in Europe
    • Many Germans felt that German speaking Austrians should be a part of Germany
  • Thousands of Germans would have to live under rule of other Govts in Poland and Czechoslovakia.
    • Included Germans living in the city of Danzig which would be cut off from rest of Germany to give Poland access to the sea
  • Lost rhineland
  • lost its overseas colonies in Africa and Asia
  • Saar coal region and Alsace Lorraine was given back to France
  1. German Military Weakness
  • army of 100 000 was very small for a country of Germany’s size
  • Army was symbol of German pride. None of the allies were disarmed to that extent
  • Germany would not be able to start another war
  • Demilitarization of Germany’s Rhineland meant that Germany’s borders were France wre not protected
  1. Reparations Germany huge debts from the war effort Many Germans felt that reparations would ruin the economy

  2. LON Being left out of an international body further insult to Germany