July 1955 Diem announced Vietnam wide elections agreed at Geneva Conference, 1954 would not be held

October he held referendum on proposal to remove Head of state Bao Dai last emperor of Vietnam + install himself as president.

  • results showed 98% of voters approved proposal but referendum was rigged.
  • in some areas voters approving of Diem outnumbered registered voters

Diems actions had support + involvement of US.

  • south Vietnam depended heavily on US financial + military support.
  • this was how deeply involving US was in political affairs of South Vietnam.

US supported Diem because he was strongly anti communist + was prepared to imprison + exile communists