Focuses on improving well being of different groups of people by responding to issues and challenges they face. (outcome)
- government set up structures, policies, national programs in a targeted manner
- Despite efforts of community groups and the govt, there could be gaps in addressing specific needs of groups of people
- to bridge these gaps ⇒ individuals can initiate their own efforts of tap on the resources and programs provided by the govt or community groups
- can also create new community groups to further attend to specific needs of society that has not been addressed
Examples: SocialStudiesExamples
| Efforts by Invididuals | Efforts by Community Groups | Efforts by Govt |
|---|---|---|
| Mdm Malligesvari Through RSVP Singapore ⇒ she identified areas of need in community. → used her knowledge and skills and experience to help others. → volunteered as an instructor for Age Well Everyday (AWE) program → that promotes active ageing and healthy lifestyles for seniors to reduce risk of dementia. → teaches seniors to stay healthy, exercise and keep active through brain stimulating activities. | RSVP ⇒ example of SSA (social service agency) → engages Senior citizens in volunteerism. Senior citizens at RSVP SG ⇒ serve more than 20000 beneficiaries every year. → include socially isolated seniors, elderly patients discharged from hospital care, mentally disadvantages, and at risk children from low income families. | Govt Agencies ⇒ such as NCSS ⇒ develop resources to enhance capabilities of SSAs NCSS ⇒ developed Volunteer management toolkit 2.0 ⇒ provide SSAs with framework and guidelines on how to manage volunteers efficiently. |