Trade offs:
- involves making a decision between 2 or more things that cannot be obtained at the same time due to limited resources
- means that having 1 of one thing would result in having less of another
SocialStudiesExamples Cross Island Line Project
- SG govt ⇒ announced plans to build a cross island line (CRL) → as SGs 8th MRT line
- CRL ⇒ proposed to pass through and run under central catchment nature reserve
- when completed ⇒ it will be longest fully underground line and will link major hubs → such as Jurong Lake district and Punggol digital district
- CRL is projected ⇒ to serve 600 000 commuters per day ⇒ increasing to over 1 million in longer time
- CRL ⇒ will have highest number of interchange stations ⇒ with almost half the stations on the line linked to existing rail stations
July 2013 ⇒ nature society Singapore ⇒ NSS ⇒ non govt and non profit organization ⇒ dedicated to the appreciation, conservation, study and enjoyment of SGs natural heritage ⇒ officially raised its concerns about construction of CRL
- Presented to SG govt its views on how CRL ⇒ would affect habitats within central catchment nature reserve
- NSS ⇒ then recommended adjusting route to skirt around rather than passing under nature reserve
Direct route ⇒ better for meeting needs and interests of Singaporeans
- direct route will lower public transport fares by about 15% on average ⇒ due to it being shorter ⇒ and more direct. Also presents reduction in construction costs by about 2 billion for taxpayers
Skirting route ⇒ better for meeting needs and interests of Singaporeans
- Loss of flora and soil disturbance ⇒ due to access roads required for placement of equipment
- Once surface is broken through soil investigation activities, future erosion risk is very high
- Risk of contamination ⇒ of soil and streams of toxic chemicals → used during drilling. Should these materials escape into env, they will be severely detrimental to health of the habitat.