Players:
- Reproductive cells (gametes) coming from 2 diff. parents
- Produced by organs known as → gonads
- Male gonads → testes/testis → sperms
- Female gonads → ovary/ovaries → eggs or ova/ovum
Differences between Gametes and Normal Body Cells
Gametes produced by → Meiosis
- Nucleus of normal human body cell has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) →note that these pairs are not all homologous. Only 22 pair homologous and the last pair is the sex chromosomes XX or XY
- One of each pair comes from 1 parent
- Nucleus of every sperm or egg only has 23 chromosomes
- Produced by the process called meiosis ⇒ takes place in testes or ovaries (anthers or ovules in plants Reproduction in Plants Main Note)
Definition
Gamete is a reproductive cell containing the haploid number of chromosomes #BiologyDefinitions
Structures
Male Reproductive System
Female Reproductive System
Puberty
Difference Between Male and Female Gametes
| Feature | Male Gamete | Female Gamete |
|---|---|---|
| Structure | - Has tail, middle piece, tail - nucleus contains either X or Y chromosome - about long with diameter of 2.5 for the head. | - spherical in shape - nucleus has 1 X chromosome - diameter of to |
| Motility | has tail → enables it to swim toward oviduct | - passive movement of egg along oviduct → due to movement of cilia → along oviduct + peristalsis of oviduct wall |
| Numbers | large number of sperm released per ejaculation | only 1 egg released per month. both ovaries together → produce about 500 mature eggs. |
Menstrual Cycle
What Happens During and After Fertilisation
What Happens During and After Fertilisation
HIV/AIDS
Note
- regardless of situation just always talk about both sperm and egg. don’t just focus on one. esp. when there are talking about fertilisation
Important
the baby’s sex is determined by the father. If sperm carrying X chromosome fertilises the egg, the resulting baby will be female (XX). If sperm carrying Y chromosome fertilises egg, baby will be male (XY)
→ some sperm carry X and some sperm carry Y