**Acids react with carbonates to form salt, water and carbon dioxide.
Carbonate + acid → salt + water + carbon dioxide
Example: Calcium carbonate + dilute hydrochloric acid → calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g).
We can test for carbon dioxide gas: bubbling the gas through lime water. Carbon dioxide gas forms a white precipitate with lime water. refer to Test for Gasses
All carbonates react with acids, but some carbonates react with acids to form salts which are insoluble in water. Thus, these carbonates also appeared not to react with acids. This is because the reaction will end shortly after it begins. Results in poor yield of the salts formed.**
Important
carbonate does not need to dissolve to react with an acid