Fossil fuels → important → largest sources of energy for electricity generation

Appliances such as:

  • air con
  • water heaters
  • refrigerators → consume a lot of electricity

Some modes of transport also powered by electricity, while others directly powered by fossil fuels.


Fossil Fuels → formed from decaying plants and animals from millions of years ago.

When fossil fuels burnt in presence of oxygen → main products formed → are and water.

  • this exothermic reaction → known as Combustion Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
  • thermal energy generated from combustion of fossil fuels can be converted to other forms of energy.

Crude oil + natural gas → common forms of fossil fuels.